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du − estimate file space usage |
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du [OPTION]... [FILE]... |
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Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. |
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−a, −−all |
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write counts for all files, not just directories |
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−−apparent−size |
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print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in (‘sparse’) files, internal fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like |
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−B, −−block−size=SIZE |
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use SIZE−byte blocks |
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−b, −−bytes |
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equivalent to ‘−−apparent−size −−block−size=1’ |
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−c, −−total |
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produce a grand total |
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−D, −−dereference−args |
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dereference only symlinks that are listed on the command line |
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−−files0−from=F |
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summarize disk usage of the NUL−terminated file names specified in file F; If F is − then read names from standard input |
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−H |
equivalent to −−dereference−args (−D) |
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−h, −−human−readable |
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print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G) |
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−−si |
like −h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024 |
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−k |
like −−block−size=1K |
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−l, −−count−links |
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count sizes many times if hard linked |
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−m |
like −−block−size=1M |
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−L, −−dereference |
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dereference all symbolic links |
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−P, −−no−dereference |
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don’t follow any symbolic links (this is the default) |
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−0, −−null |
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end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline |
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−S, −−separate−dirs |
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do not include size of subdirectories |
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−s, −−summarize |
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display only a total for each argument |
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−x, −−one−file−system |
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skip directories on different file systems |
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−X, −−exclude−from=FILE |
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exclude files that match any pattern in FILE |
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−−exclude=PATTERN |
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exclude files that match PATTERN |
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−−max−depth=N |
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print the total for a directory (or file, with −−all) only if it is N or fewer levels below the command line argument; −−max−depth=0 is the same as −−summarize |
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−−time |
show time of the last modification of any file in the directory, or any of its subdirectories |
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−−time=WORD |
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show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access, use, ctime or status |
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−−time−style=STYLE |
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show times using style STYLE: full−iso, long−iso, iso, +FORMAT FORMAT is interpreted like ‘date’ |
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−−help |
display this help and exit |
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−−version |
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output version information and exit |
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Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from −−block−size, and the DU_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environment variables. Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set). SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following: KB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y. |
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PATTERN is a shell pattern (not a regular expression). The pattern ? matches any one character, whereas * matches any string (composed of zero, one or multiple characters). For example, *.o will match any files whose names end in .o. Therefore, the command |
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du --exclude='*.o' |
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will skip all files and subdirectories ending in .o (including the file .o itself). |
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Written by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, Paul Eggert, and Jim Meyering. |
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Report du bugs to bug−coreutils@gnu.org |
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Copyright © 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. |
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The full documentation for du is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and du programs are properly installed at your site, the command |
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info coreutils 'du invocation' |
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should give you access to the complete manual. |