Using rsync to copy files
In the following example we need to make sure that /export/home on server host2 looks exactly like /export/home on host1. Thus, our SOURCE is host1:/export/home and our TARGET is host2:/export/home
There are two ways of using rsync to copy files. One method is to install rsync on both servers and to configure both rsyncs to communicate with each other. The other method it to NFS-mount the SOURCE directory on the TARGET server or to mount the TARGET directory on the SOURCE server. Then you run rsync on the server with the NFS mount. It’s a good idea to mount the remote filesystem and to run rsync on the faster of the two servers.
The following example is applicable to Solaris
Step 1: Share /export/home from host1 to host2
On host1 vi /etc/dfs/dfstab and add the following line:
share -F nfs -o root=host2,rw=host2 /export/home
Save the dfstab file and execute shareall
Step 2: Mount host1:/export/home on host2
On host2 mkdir /host1_export_home
vi /etc/vfstab and add the following line:
host1:/export/home – /host1_export_home nfs 2 yes -
Save the vfstab file and execute mountall
Now you have /export/home from host1 mounted under /host1_export_home on host2.
Step 3: Create rsync script on host2
Create script called /usr/local/bin/dirsync.ksh (or whatever else you want to call it):
#!/bin/ksh date=$(date +'%Y-%m-%d') RECEPIENTS="your_email@domain.com" SOURCE="/host1_export/home/" TARGET="/export/home/" if [ ! -d $SOURCE ] || [ ! -d $TARGET ] then echo "Souce or destination not found! Exiting..." | /usr/bin/mailx -s "`hostname` sync FAILED" $RECEPIENTS exit 1 fi /usr/local/bin/rsync -a -v -u --delete "$SOURCE" "$TARGET" (( MINS = SECONDS / 60 )) echo "host1 --> `hostname` synchronization complete \n Date: `date` \n Total copy time: $MINS minutes." | /usr/bin/mailx -s "`hostname` sync complete for $date" $RECEPIENTS
Whatever stupid mistakes you plan on making, NEVER confuse SOURCE and TARGET parameters! And always make sure to backup all data before running rsync for the first time.
Add the rsync script to cron if you need it to run regularly:
15 22 * * * /usr/local/bin/dirsync.ksh > /dev/null 2>&1
Here’s a more elaborate version of the backup script above:
#!/bin/sh #--------------------------------------------------------- # Configure script #--------------------------------------------------------- date=$(date +‘%Y-%m-%d’) LOG="/var/log/backup.log" if [ `wc -l "$LOG" | awk '{print $1}'` -gt 1000 ] then tail -500 "$LOG" > /tmp/backup.log.tmp mv /tmp/backup.log.tmp "$LOG" fi ENTRY=0 log() { echo "$MSG" >> "$LOG" (( ENTRY = ENTRY + 1 )) } MSG=$(echo "----------------------------------------"); log MSG=$(echo "`date` `hostname` Backup started"); log SCRIPT="/var/adm/bin/backup.sh" BACKUPSDIR="/WD160GB_03/backups" if [ ! -x "$SCRIPT" ] || [ ! -d "$BACKUPSDIR" ] then MSG=$(echo "Script $SCRIPT or directory $BACKUPSDIR not found. Exiting..."); log echo "$MSG" exit 1 fi RECEPIENTS="your_email@domain.com" SUBJECT="Backups on `hostname`" #--------------------------------------------------------- # Backups list #--------------------------------------------------------- #BACKUPDEF /WD120GB_01/htdocs/ #BACKUPDEF /WD120GB_02/htdocs/ #BACKUPDEF /var/lib/mysql/ #BACKUPDEF /var/adm/bin/ #BACKUPDEF /etc/ cat "$SCRIPT" | grep BACKUPDEF | grep -v grep | while read LINE do STATUS=0 SOURCE=$(echo "$LINE" | awk '{print $2}') DIR=$(echo "$SOURCE" | sed 's+^/++g' | sed 's+/$++g' | sed 's+/+_+g') TARGET=$(echo "${BACKUPSDIR}/${DIR}/") MSG=$(echo "Backing up $SOURCE to $TARGET"); log if [ ! -d "$SOURCE" ] then MSG=$(echo "Source directory $SOURCE not found!"); log STATUS=1 elif [ ! -d "$TARGET" ] then mkdir "$TARGET" if [ $? -ne 0 ] then MSG=$(echo "Failed to create target directory $TARGET"); log STATUS=1 fi fi if [ $STATUS -eq 0 ] then /usr/bin/rsync -a -v -u –delete "$SOURCE" "$TARGET" fi done (( MINS = SECONDS / 60 )) MSG=$(echo "Backups completed in $MINS minutes"); log tail -$ENTRY "$LOG" | mailx -s "$SUBJECT" "$RECEPIENTS"
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